Founder of Second Life.
I make things, usually with software.
Recent
Experiments
Interactive Neurons
Mar 2026A spiking neural network simulator where you can drag neurons around, adjust weights, attach input and output keyboard letters, and play around with how this type of neural network learns.
Emergent Coherence
This Shadertoy example is a nearest-neighbor spiking network demonstrating the emergence of a "heartbeat" shortly after starting in a random initial state.
Standard Model
May 20261000 particles of 10 types in a rotatable 3D box. Each pair of types has its own scattering rule (pass-through, elastic, or inelastic), a close-range 1/r force, a longer-range linear force, and a perpendicular "handedness" force that gives the simulation chirality. Randomize the rules to find emergent structures.
Hierarchical Game of Life
Mar 2026An experimental implementation of Conway's Game of Life with hierarchical structures.
Run Tracker
Mar 2026Run Tracker with no digital exhaust. PWA (add it to your home screen), stores nothing to nowhere, vibe-coded. I've always wanted this and didn't have time to code it. I want to go running, but I don't want to store where I'm running in the f**king cloud.
Jitter
Mar 2026Test for minimal noticeable display jitter for a moving object, with various perceptual metrics.
Ants
Can ants use a simple rule (state machine plus pheromone grid) to move a complex shape through a set of walls?
Hypergraph
Jun 2026Organize personal projects as a hypergraph — nodes are projects, edges are shared tags.
FairShare Groups
Create groups with their own currencies. Members vote on transaction fees and daily income, endorse new members, and send currency to each other.
Writings
Awakening the Angels
Mar 2026"We'll need all your computers, and a little luck"
Channels, not Addresses
Jan 2026A simple change will make the internet more secure and decentralized.
1/(Effective Altruism)
Dec 2025Why discounting for distance and time may be the better way to go.
Strong Capitalism
Sep 2025Playing entrepreneur on Hard Mode.
Finding a Better Perceptual Metric than FPS
Jul 2025In a highly framerate-heterogeneous 3D environment, jitter seems more important than average FPS.
Hierarchy in Virtual Worlds
Jul 2025Living things use emergent hierarchies to express complex structures.
Ultraviolet Catastrophe
Jun 2025AI is about to make the public internet useless.
Beyond Dunbar
Feb 2025Tech can build trust and enable stronger local communities.
On the Election
Nov 2024Challenging times lie ahead, due to increasing inequality.
Facial Expressions and Body Language
Jul 2024Neal Stephenson predicted the problem with VR, way back in "Snow Crash".
Avoiding Homogenization with AI
Jun 2024Large models remember popular things much better.
Adventures of the Linden Dollar
May 2024Learning from Second Life's digital currency.
Replacing Uber
Apr 2024A decentralized version could give drivers 50% more income.
The Price of Distrust
Apr 2024If we cannot agree with each other, we turn to gold.
Consciousness as a Hall of Mirrors
Apr 2024I predict myself, therefore I am? Exploring the recursive nature of consciousness.
A Different Approach to VR
Mar 2024Detecting intention rather than actual motion.
First Thoughts, Apple Vision Pro
Feb 2024Amazing UX and visual quality but weight and comfort still a blocker.
Facing the Inflationary Info-verse
Jan 2024We are having to cope with knowing less and less.
Tragedy of the Web Commons
Dec 2023Google made money, but at the price of adding noise to the Web.
Defining Economic Fairness
Dec 2023Inequal does not necessarily mean unfair. Can fairness be objectively measured?
Borg: Unstable when Overconnected
Apr 2023Agent-based simulation of opinions in a social network.
Money is for Sharing
Jan 2023A thought experiment about a better kind of money.
Moderating a Virtual Town Hall
Nov 2022Use group memberships to regulate the behavior of attendees.
Head Pose is not Enough
Oct 2022...and other thoughts on non-verbal communication in VR.
Value Creation in Virtual Worlds
Jul 2022Notes from opening comments at a recent Metaverse working group meeting.
Thoughts on Moderation and Identity
Mar 2022In Virtual Worlds, and Beyond.
DIY Money
Oct 2021Step-by-step instructions to enable free and fair trade for you and your neighbors.
Transaction Tax Dividend
Feb 2021To counter wealth accumulation and fix capitalism, have transaction fees fund a continuous dividend.
Printing Money Doesn't Help
Feb 2021Even printing new money and giving it to everyone won't actually help — the rich still get richer.
Why do The Rich Get Richer?
Jan 2021It is easy to think that policy choices cause the rich to get richer, but it's actually a basic law of free markets.
Three Fun Ways to Use Virtual Worlds and VR at Home
Mar 2020For those of us kept at home by the virus, some easy and fun ideas for parents and kids.
Quick Hack for Measuring Latency
Feb 2020In smartphone slo-mo, every frame is 4 milliseconds. Capture and count.
Physics
Jan 2020Physics is what everyone agrees will happen next.
Metaverse Identity on the Blockchain
Feb 2017A safe, secure, and decentralized identity system for the metaverse.
VR-controlled Robots Could Save America
Jan 2017There is an industry to come around tele-operated robots, and it could be a uniquely American industry with jobs for everyone.
Startup Stock Options Allocated by Your Peers
Aug 2012In the future, most startups will probably allocate stock options using peer-based crowdsourced evaluation.
Add Number of Unread Messages to Your GMail Signature
Aug 2012My email sig tells everyone how many unread messages I have — a nice motivator for transparency.
Count to 10,000
Jul 2012A daily meditation practice: counting to 10,000 before sleeping, four years running.
Slides from Startup Class
Jun 2012Slides from a class on doing a startup at PariSoma.
The Tao of Linden
Jun 2012The original work principles of Linden Lab, emphasizing transparency and self-directed work.
From a Tween, the Tao of Texting
Jun 2012New communication channels enable experiences that might not otherwise happen.
Bio
Born in San Diego, the son of a Navy carrier pilot whose deployments took my family all over the United States before returning to San Diego for high school and college. BS Physics, UCSD '92.
Fell in love with coding in middle school, and started a software company in high school which helped me pay for college. Moved to San Francisco in '94, discovered the Internet, and created FreeVue, a videoconferencing app that worked over dialup with the earliest web cameras. Acquired by RealNetworks in late '95, where I led the creation of RealVideo and became CTO.
In '99, I left RealNetworks and founded Linden Lab to create Second Life and fulfill my dream of building a virtual world. After 10 years running Second Life as CEO, I started several experimental new companies with two co-founders, including LoveMachine, Worklist.net, and Coffee & Power. In 2013, after experimenting with the mems gyro chips that would enable the Oculus Rift, we started High Fidelity to build a new open-source virtual world platform for VR Headsets. In 2019, with VR failing to gain wide consumer acceptance, refocused High Fidelity on spatial audio.
In 2022-2024 created a lab in San Francisco working on several new projects, including FairShare, which aims to provide a basic income and reduce wealth inequality using a group-based digital currency. Also helped create CIMC.AI, which is exploring consciousness in machines.
Rejoined Second Life in October 2024 as CTO to help with several new initiatives!
Board & Advisory Roles
Talks & Podcasts
SL23B: Meet the Lindens
Jun 2026An hour of questions from the Second Life community at the 23rd birthday celebration, with Brett Linden.
Watch VideoJim Rutt Show: Emergent Worlds and Localism
Mar 2026Episode 337. What building Second Life taught me about consciousness, local community, and living alongside AI.
Listen
VWBPE 2026 Keynote
Mar 2026"We've Been Metaversing Since Before It Was Cool" - a keynote on shared virtual environments as laboratories for learning, given inside Second Life.
Watch VideoDream Machines: Virtual Worlds, AI, and the Illusion of Self
Jul 2025A conversation with Evan Helda about identity, consciousness, and what AI agents will mean for shared virtual spaces.
ListenTeam Human: AI Angels, Demons, and the Fight for the Future
Apr 2024Episode 366 with Douglas Rushkoff, on why AI built on survival-of-the-fittest values worries me, and what a distributed alternative could look like.
Listen
Kevin Rose Foundation Interview
2011A 2011 interview at the under-construction Coffee & Power office at Market & Guerrero.
Watch Video
Welcome to Lindenworld!
Original video by James Cook giving a tour of the alpha version features of Second Life.
Watch Video
The Universe, the Brain, and Second Life
2009An Oxford panel along with Elon Musk and Baroness Susan Greenfield, a neuroscientist.
Watch Video
Singularity University: Creation of Second Life
Peter Diamandis interviewing me onstage as a tele-operated robot.
Watch VideoPatents
Input and Feedback System
2000
Rather than wear gloves and HMDs, immobilize a person and measure the forces they apply to an exoskeleton to move their body in a virtual world. Allows for zero latency as well as inertial mass, haptics, and full body locomotion.
View PatentImmersive Audio Environments
2014
The first thing we did at High Fidelity was to try to figure out how you could make a huge space where everyone could hear each other, using servers connected together in some way.
View PatentSystem and Method for Distributed Simulation
2002
Distributing simulation of a virtual world across tiled servers so you could make a really big space. Still hasn't been replicated broadly in gaming.
View PatentSystem and Method for Determining Network Conditions
1997
Back in the days of modems, at RealNetworks, we were trying different ideas to better measure how bad your connection was. This was the idea that if you send two packets at exactly the same time (from a server), you could learn about the speed of the network by looking at the time delay between when they were received.
View Patent